Tsunami of up to 5 meters high are believed to be reaching Noto in Ishikawa Prefecture, according to the weather agency.
Temperatures around the earthquake epicenter in Gansu fell to about minus 15 degrees Celsius (5 degrees Fahrenheit) on Tuesday night.
A magnitude-6.2 earthquake jolted a remote and mountainous county before midnight on Monday; Freezing temperatures put rescue teams in a race against the cold to prevent secondary disasters.
Authorities had evacuated the nearly 4,000 inhabitants of the fishing town of Grindavik last month over fears of eruption.
Local media footage showed crumbled facades of multi-storied brick houses, with large pieces of furniture scattered.
The note is the only evidence of a damaging earthquake in the Marche region from the 15th century.
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